Carbureter.



W. F. WASHBURN.

GARBURETBR; APPLICATION FILED NOV.10, 1911.

VPatented Dec. 29, 1914.

ATTORNEYS comprehends 'entrenar wrt l- Waffen a. iiwiiiis rarissime ze. Wessanen, or NEWARK, New asesor.

Maanen specification of Letters Zetent.

Application filed November il), 19H. Serial 559,550.

To all whom it' may concern: f

vBe it known that WILLIAM F. Wasn BURN, a citizen o1c the United States, and a residentof Newark, in the county oEssex and StateA of New Jersey, have invented a new` and improved Carbureter, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to carbureters of the kind employed upon internal combustion engines, explosion motors, and the like, for 'the purpose of preparing explosive mixtures or' a hydro-carbon and air.

More particularly stated, myv invention a carbureter having mechanical features by aid whereof theprojportion of air and a hydro-carbon is regulated with great nicety at the will of the operator, and

under certain conditions. is rendered auto-l matic in the sense that the proportion of air and hydro-carbon is changed, 'within certain limits, to suit variations in the speed of the machine and in the capacity of the carburetor as the llatter is taxed to varying degrees due to the ricissitudes'oi speed and under changes of load.

My improved carburetor. maires special provision for increasing the proportion oi air supplied per unit of explosive mixture as the speed of the engineer its equivalent increased, and also forV enabling,F the operator to adjust the refinement of the proportion to suit varying needs based upon variations of speed and loadA ing drawing forming a part of this specilication, in which like characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the `Views, and in Which- Figure l is a central vertical section through the carbnreter complete; Fig.V 2 isl a top plan View oi' the carbnreter; Fig. 3 is ak 'bottom plan view of the same; Fig. -i is a section on the line el--i of Fig.. l,loolring in the direction of the arrow; Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5-5 of Fig. l, .looking in the direction of the arrow; and Fig. 6 is adetail View of the valve shown in section in Fig. 1.v

A mixine chamber is shown at 6, and has the forni or a barrel, the inncr'dianieter oi which is' slightly reduced at the upper end. Integral with the mining chamber 6. and flush with the upper cnn thereo'l:l are extensions 7, prorided with threaded holes 8, the

Reference is to be had 'to the accompanypurpwose or which is toI accommodate bolts, and thus facilitate the mounting of the carbnreter upon ani engine or the like. A throttle 9, having the form 4of a butterfly valve, is located Within the mixing chamber, and may be turned Ato different' angles ttor the purpose of closing the mixing chamber to any desired extent. This throttle is mounted upon a pair of stub shafts 10, 12, the stub shaft l() turning in a bearing il, and the'stub shaft l2 in a bearing 13. An arm le is mounted rigidly upon the vstirb shaft il. and is used for turning the throttle 9. An annular plate l5 encircles the mixing chamber 6, and is provided with bearings 15a having `generally the form of ears. These ears are provided with threaded holes 16, and fitting into the latter are threaded tubular stems l?. rlhese stems carry .nuts 1S, each having generally a cop-like form, as will be understood from nig. l, and each is provided externally with a lrnnrled edge to facilitate its rotation by hand. Smooth bolts 19. extend through the tubular stems 17. and are provided at their upper ends with annular stops Q0, through which extend pins 2l for holdingl them rigidly in posicion. Sipiral springs 22 engage the annlar stops 20, and also engage the nnts 18 extending into the latter, as will be understood from Fig'. l.

A concentric, ralre 23 of considerable size and having a l(general annular form is provided with. openings located close to its outer edge and through which the bolts 19 extend, the bolts, at their lower ends, being provided. with heads 24 integral therewith, which engage the under sideo the valve The annular plate l5 is valve seat Q5 extending: downwardly from its outer edge, and mating the outer edge of the valve The inner edge of the 'plate l5 provided with mthread 2G, which mates a sirnilar thread upon thc outer surface of the mining chamber. By tnrning the plate 15 relatively to the mixing; chamber, the plate l extends through the smooth thread carried by the plate 15 at a point adjacent to the shoulder 27. This bowl-shaped member 28 and parts co-acting with it together constitute an adjustable air-chamber. ll`he lower end of the bowl-shaped member 28 is provided with a flange 30, which 1s threaded externally. A yoke 32, having a ring 3l formed integral therewith, the rin being threaded internally, is iitted upon the threaded flange 30. This yoke is further provided with a sleeve 33, which is smooth internally.

'A sleeve 34, which is threaded externally, sleeve 33 and is internally connected with a yoke 35. This yoke lits into the lower end of the flange 30 and is provided with a seat 36, which may beprovided with anumber of air-holes 57 extending therethrough. Through the threaded sleeve 34, and co-axial with the same, ,is another sleeve 38, which is threadlmore fully set forth;

i chamber and by 'ed eXternally and fits loosely into the sleeves The lowei end of the sleeve 38 is enlagged and provided internally with a yhreaded portion 39, to facilitate connection `between the sleeve and a supply line. A nut threaded internally and fitted upon the edinternally and fitted upon the sleeve 34. ,iii-,put 43 is threaded internally and fitted upon the sleeve 38 and is adapted to tit n ltLy against the bottom of the yoke 35. The sleeve 38 is provided with a smooth portliijn'44 of reduced diameter, and is further frovided with acylindrical passage 45. A. 'iishing 46 is mounted within this passage,

is used for restricting the flow vof hydro-carbon. A tapered needle 47 is positfoned within the passage 45, and serves the purposes of a valve in regulating the flow of Hydro-carbon.

.Mountedupon the needle 47 is a valve member 48, vwhich normally rests upon the vupperend of the sleeve 38 and serves to close the said' upper ,end, which is fashioned into alvalve seat. A neck 49 integra-l with the needle 47 extends upwardly from the valve member 48, and mounted adjacent the top offthe neck is a button or plate 50 providing a'large surfcial area for the actuation of the .valve/48 in a manner to be hereinafter the neck is of reduced diameter adjacent the button, a shoulder 49' resultin thereby. Whenever this button is raised y a vacuum in the mixing the atmospheric pressure, it carries with 1t the neck 49 and needle 47, hu's raising thevalve 48 just mentioned. A spring 51 encircles the reduced portion of thehneck 49 and engages the end 53 and the shoulder 49 to normally seat the valve 48. Atubular sleeve 52 is provided with a conftricted end ortion 53, and the spring 51 tsfintothe atter. Thevsleeve 52 is provided 'Withopenm'gs 54 disposed adjacent to 50, secured rigidly .sleeve 38. v Two other nuts 41, 42 are threadvalve 23. I find that ber represented by the its upper end, and at its lower end is provided externally with a threaded portion 55. A nut 56 is threaded and fitted upon this threaded portion. A spiral spring 57 engages the nut 56, .and alsof'engages the under side of the seat 3G. A lifting plate 58 rests upon the seat 36, and is providedwith a bearingl sleeve 59 encircling the sleeve 52. This'lifting plate 58 is provided with posts upon it and extending directly upward from it and in proximity to the button 50. v By adjusting the nuts 40 and 43, the sleeve 38 may be raised or lowered,thereby -adjusting the'spring 51 and regulating the pressure of the cut-oil' valve 48 upon its seat, and also restricting the slow speeds. The lifting plate 58 is adapted to be raised by atmospheric pressure, and

increases the sensitiveness of the spring 51.

flow of hydro-carbon at 32, and in doing this, he can also adjust the position of the seat of the valve 48 relatively to the air chamber 28. kThe effect of this is to find the bestpositionfor the air to strike the vapor Under some vicissitudes of work of the carbureter, this adjustment is desirable; that is to say, this carbureter is, by experience, found to work better under some conditions when the openings 54 are raised. fairly well up into the lower end of the mixing chamber, so that the blast of air going through the throttle when the engine is sucking' in air has more of an asprating effect upon the openings 54 than is the case when the sleeve 52 is in its lowerinost position. By adjusting rthe nut 56, the flow of hydro-carbon may beregulated in order to meet the varios conditions to which the motor may be subjected at intermediate and high speeds.`

I have found from experience that the valve member 48 can be rendered exceedingly sensitive when this by peculiar adjustments of either of the nuts 18. Suppose, for instance, that the nut 1S at the 4left of Fig. 1 be soadjus'ted that the spring 22 is compressed to a. considerable degree and that the nut 18 be turned so as to compress the spring 22 to a lesser degree. This enables the valve 23 to be 'opened a little easier upon its right side than upon its left side; t at is to say, while the valve 23 is drawn straight downward that portions of it disposed at the right of Fig. 1 are moved away from the valve .seat 25 and thus enable a little air to pass the h by an adjustment of the kind just described the air-in displacing the valve 23 and entering the mixing chamair chamber 28 is inunder variousjconditicns.

effect is desired,"

messes ducted with a degree of positiveness not obtained in constructions of usual kind. suppose this eiect is due to the fact that the valve member 23, by its tilting slightly at one of its edges, enablesthe air to serve somewhat after the manner of an entering wedge and thus prevent the valve from sticking upon its seat.

The operatioh of my device is as follows z--The parts being adjusted as above described, the engine being started by open". ing the throttle il., a 'partial vacuum is periodically produced' Within the mixing chamber lifting the button and the plate 58, the latter' being also raised by the atmospheric pressure. This movement of the button and plate also carries the posts and the needle 4:7 upwardly, thereby allowing the hydrocarbon to pass through the valve 4:8. and through the lopenings 54 into the mixing chamber 6. The hydrocarbon is ntomized in-the mixing chamber by the incoming air which enters through the holes 57 in the seat '36, the 'gradual opening 'of the throttle increasing; the suction, thereby raising the needle fl? until the shoulder e9 thereon comes into Contact with the restricted end 53 of the Isleeve 52; a ter such contact has occurred the needle 47 on further movement raises the sleeve 52 and increases the tension on the springi 57% such further movement after contactfoccurring int-ermediate and high speeds. The travel of the partsl just described occurs unison with the air valve 23, which covers and uncovers the openings leading to the-mixing chaml ber, the result beingthat the Tolate 58 is held suspended and away from the seat 36 by atmospheric pressure9 the object oi this plate being to hold the valve 48 ofi' the valve seat, thereby steadying the engine at low speeds, By reason o1 the valve 23, plate 58 and valve 48 being held closed, as described.7 such valves act as automatic check valves to prevent back-firing through the manifold and carbureter during the intake stroke of thefengine, while said valve and plate are also held closed on the compression or operative strokes of the engine. lf, now,l the spe/eddie increased Without any'A change in the adjustment of the various parts, or if the engine be stopped and the valve member 23 be adjusted to a liner degree of sensitiveness as above described, this valve member is drawn :way from its seat and the air enters freely into the mixing chamber. The supply of air through the holes 5? being already at a maximum., as above described7 the enormous vincrease. of air due to the displacement of the valve-member 23 renders the total supply of air adequate to supply .the increased demand.

It will be noted 'from the description givenkthat lthe valve 48 is movable independently of movement of the plate 58and may also be moved through movement of such plate by reason of the engagement of the posts GO with the button 50. Movement of the plate 58- admits air to the mixing chamber and movement of the valve 48 admits a hydro-carbon thereto7 increase in the movement of the plate providing for an increase of air, which, in turn, provides for an increase in hydro-carbon, due to the added travel of the valve e8 through movement of the plate; the valve 48 then'fpartakes of successive movements, the hydrocarbon being admissible Without the entrance of air through the holes 57 and being also admissible along with the admission of air through theseholes. y l

From the foregoing description it will be?v noted that this carbureter has exceptionally wide range of adjustments, and, moreover, that the various adjustments admit of an exceptionally large degree of refinement. (lne result of this is that the carbureter-has a degree of positiveness in action and 'also has an exceptional degree of' adaptability in adjusting itself to various degrees 'of operation.

Hoving thus described my invention, what l claim newy and desire to secure by Letters Patent iszl. A carburetor comprisinga mixing chamber, openings therein 'for admitting air thereto., a movable member adapted to corel' and uncover the said openings, a suc.- tion stroke oi? the engine moving the member to uncover the openings7 a valve for Minuit-tinga hydrocarbon to the said chamber, a movable member7 adapted to open the said valve, a suction stroke of the engine mwing the member to open the valve, means for maintaining the sai-d movable members in such position that the openings are covered. and the valve is closeda whereby baok-'iiring-through the carburetor is prevented during the intake stroke ci' the engine.

:2. A carburetor, comprising a.' mining chamber adapted to supply an explosive mixture lo im engine', there being openingsv iii/the chamber vfor admitting air thereto,

x'neans for covering the openings, a valve' automatically operative for admitting al hyflrocarbon to the chamber on the intake stroke, means for keeping the valve closed, suction et the engine automatically moving said first named means to uncover the openings, there being other openings communicating with said chamber interiorly and means normally covering said openings lastnamed and controlled by the suction oil the enginet'or opening said valve during the suction of the engine.

Il. carburetor comprising a mixing chamber having provision for admitting air thereto, u valve controlled by the suction oi the engine :for admitting a hydroy mitting air thereto, a spring-actuated valve carbon, the said carbon, and other means also actuatedy by the suction of the engine for further opening the said valve. f

fl. A carbureter comprising a mixing chamber having yprovision for admitting air thereto, a valve for admitting a hydrovalve comprising' a passageway, a spring-pressed member normally closing the passageway, the said member moving to open the passageway during a suction stroke, and additional means for further moving the said member during such suction stroke.

5. A carbureter, comprising a mixing chamber having openings therein for ad for admitting a hydrocarbon thereto on the intake stroke, said valve having a plate-like upperl end whereby its opening will be assisted by atmospheric pressure and upon a vacuum' being'created inthe mixing chamber, a plurality ofindependently movable "devices for covering and uncovering said openings and for opening and closing the valve and adjustable spring-actuated means for maintaining said devices in one position whereby the suction of the engine Will move the same to the second position.

6. 4A carbureter comprising a mixing chamber having provision for admitting air thereto, means for admitting a hydrocarbon to the mixing chamber, rimary suction controlled means for opening said hydrocarbon admitting means, and a second- ,ary suction controlled means for further opening sald hydrocarbon admlttmg means. carbureter comprising a `m1x1ng i chamber having provision for admitting air thereto, a valve for admitting a hydro-1 carbon, primary suction controlled means fo'r openlng the valve, the valve being adapted for successive 4movements whereby vthe amount of hydrocarbon admitted is inc1'easedmeans for determining the initial movement of the valve, and other means cont-rolled by the suction of the Vengine for vimparting further movement thereto.

8. A carburetor comprising a mixing chamber having provislon for admitting air thereto, a valve for admitting a hydrocarbon, the`valve being adapted to partake of a plurality of movements, suction of the engine opening the valve, and a movable member also controlled by suction of the engine for-imparting furthermovement to the valve, whereby the supply of hydrocarbon during such further movement is increased.

9. A carbureter comprising a mixing chamber having a valve for controlling the admission of air, and4 a second valve for controlling the admission of hydrocarbon, the air-control valve comprising a substantially annular memberhaving independently adjustable meansat diametrically opl chamber, a valve for controlling the admission of air-thereto, and a suction valve for controllingthe admission of a hydrocarbon thereto, means for maintaining the' air valve normally closed, the said air valve comprising a substantially annular member having a plurality of independently adjustable means, wliereb thev pressures on the valve due to the sai means' may be varied.

11. AIn a carbureter, the combination of a member for` discharging a hydrocarbon, valve mechanism for opening and closing the said member in order to control the said discharge of hydrocarbon therefrom, the said 'valve mechanism including a button, a lifting plate, extensions on the lifting plate, the said extensions being adapted ,to co-act with the button to raise the lneedle from the valve seat, together wi th a number of air holes to admit air into contact with the hydrocarbon thus discharged, thesaid lifting plate and mechanism connected with the lifting plate actuating the s aid valve4v mechamsm. l y f l2. In a carbureter, the combinationof' a mixing chamber, means forl admitting hydrocarbon vapor thereinto, a valve member for admitting air in large quantities into said hydrocarbon chamber, and means controllable at Will for adjusting a portion of said-valve member to greater sensiti'veness than another portion thereof in order to facilitate the movement of said` valve memf ber under atmospheric pressure. i I 13. In a carbureter,`the combination of a chamber provided with holes for admitting air, a sleeve for discharging hydrocarbonl thereinto, a lifting plate for opening and closing the said p the discharge oftheA said hydrocarbonirlto the mixing chamber, and mechanism yconnected With said sleeve for actuating 4the said lifting plate. Vf

14. In a carbureter, the combinationof a sleeve in order to control mixing chamber, a throttle extending thereinto, means for discharging a hydrocarbon substance into said mixing chamber, "a valve seat encircling said throttle, `an annular valve mating said seat and also encircling said throttle, a plurality of se arate 'mem-A bers enga ing said annular va ve Y'for nor mally hol ing the same upon said seat, .and means controllable at will for adjustin one of said members to a greater degree o sensitiveness than another. f 7

15. A carburetri` comprising a: mixing chamber, a Vthrottle extending thereintopa, valve seat disposed within said mixing chamber, a val ve member detachably engaging said seat, a plurality of bolts extending through said valve' member, 4springs connecting said bolts, and means. Afor controlling at tension of said springs in ordei'vto enable onel of said bolts to press harder `than another upon said va1ve member.

16. In a carburetor, the combination of a.y

5 mixing chamber, a. valve seat mounted therein, a throttle housing extending into said mixing chamber, means for `adjusting saidvaive seat Vrelatively to said throttle housing, a valve member mounted upon said valve 10 seat and adapted, When-displaced therefrom,

to admit air into said mix-ing chamber, and means for admitting a hydrocarbon vapor into said mixing chamber.

MARTIN J. GUnmN, LLOYD P. REMINGfmN; 

